Painkillers
There are different types of painkillers for different types of pain. The type of painkiller also needs to be matched to how bad the pain is. International guidelines set out the types of painkiller that are most effective for different levels of pain. This is known as the analgesic ladder. It recommends specific types of painkiller for mild, moderate and severe pain.
- Mild pain – mild painkillers or anti-inflammatory drugs, for example paracetamol or ibuprofen.
- Moderate pain – weak opioid painkillers such as codeine.
- Severe pain – strong opioid painkillers, for example morphine.
For some types of pain you may be given other types of drugs to take as well as your painkillers. Anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, anticonvulsants (usually used to treat epilepsy) and muscle relaxants can all help with different types of pain.
If you have frequent or constant pain it’s important to take painkillers regularly. Each dose of the painkiller should be enough to control your pain right through to the next dose. If the pain comes back before your next dose is due, let your doctor or nurse know so they can give you a more effective dose or drug. It may take a few days to get the drugs and doses right, so be willing to persevere and let your doctor or nurse know if the pain is not controlled. Some people find it helpful to keep a diary recording when they get pain.